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| In vitro muscle testing ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
In vitro muscle testing
''In vitro'' muscle testing is a method used to characterize properties of living muscle tissue after having removed the tissue from an organism. This allows more extensive and precise quantification of muscle properties than ''in vivo'' testing. ''In vitro'' muscle testing has provided the bulk of scientific knowledge on muscle structure and physiology, as well as how both relate to organismal performance.
==Equipment==
''In vitro'' muscle testing typically requires a servomotor, which can both control and detect changes in force and length. One end of the sample tissue is anchored in place, while the other is attached to the motor, and the entire muscle is bathed in Ringer's solution with oxygen bubbling through in order to keep the tissue alive and metabolically active. Muscles are stimulated to contract by applying electric current to either the nerve which innervates the muscle or the entire muscle, and the servomotor detects changes in force and/or length due to muscle contraction. Stimulation level is often set to the level which ensures maximal motor unit recruitment. The servomotor can be programmed to maintain a given force while allowing the muscle to change length, vice versa, or the muscle may be subject to more complex testing, such as in work loops. When pennate muscles are used, sonomicrometry is often used to accurately determine fiber length during the test.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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